AS8551 — Bezeq International Ltd Bezeq International AS-BEZEQINT

aut-num: AS8551
as-name: BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS
descr: Bezeqint Internet Backbone
remarks: *****************************************************
remarks: ******************* A S ** 8 5 5 1 *****************
remarks: *****************************************************
import: from AS5585 accept ANY
import: from AS5486 accept ANY
import: from AS1680 accept ANY
import: from AS3491 accept ANY
import: from AS3320 accept ANY
import: from AS47997 accept ANY
import: from AS199393:AS-MAKEAPP accept ANY
import: from AS41304 accept ANY
import: from AS2914 accept ANY
import: from AS19239 accept ANY
import: from AS3257 accept ANY
import: from AS39158 accept ANY
import: from AS5459 accept ANY
import: from AS16116 accept ANY
import: from AS8714 accept ANY
import: from AS6695 accept ANY
import: from AS49771 accept ANY
import: from AS3356 accept ANY
import: from AS378 accept ANY
import: from AS14593 accept ANY
import: from AS200478 accept ANY
import: from AS206614 accept ANY
import: from AS12736 accept ANY
import: from AS31210 accept ANY
import: from AS202940 accept ANY
remarks:
export: to AS5585 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS5486 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS1680 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS3491 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS47997 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS200478 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS2914 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS3320 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS3257 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS16116 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS5459 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS49771 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS19239 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS14593 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS8714 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS6695 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS41304 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS199393 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS3356 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS39158 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS31210 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS378 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS206614 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS202940 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS12736 announce AS-BEZEQINT
remarks: >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
remarks: For peering issues/requests please email peering@bezeqint.co.il
remarks: <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
remarks:
remarks: *****************************************************
remarks: **************** DE_CIX-PEERING (FRK) ***************
remarks: *****************************************************
import: from AS8560 accept AS-1AND1 AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8560 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS20940 accept AS-AKAMAI AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS20940 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS39792 accept AS-ANDERS AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS39792 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5580 accept AS-ATRATO AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5580 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS2818 accept AS-BBC AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS2818 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS29550 accept AS-POUNDHOST AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS29550 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS199391 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5410 accept AS-T-ONLINEFRANCE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5410 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS2856 accept AS-BTGB AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS2856 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS43303 accept AS-CDNETWORKS-EU AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS43303 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8359 accept AS-MTU NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8359 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS33891 accept AS-CORE-BACKBONE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS33891 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12968 accept AS-CDP AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12968 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6695 accept AS-DECIX AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6695 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS29208 accept AS-DIALTELECOM AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS29208 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS4589 accept AS-EASYNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS4589 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15133 accept AS-EDGECAST NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15133 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS31500 accept AS-GLOBAL-NET NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS31500 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS3249 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3249 accept AS-ESTPAK NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
import: from AS34305 accept AS-EUROACCESS NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34305 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS33926 accept AS-EUROTRANSIT NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS33926 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS30890 accept AS-AS-EVOLVA NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS30890 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS32934 accept AS-FACEBOOK AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS32934 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12874 accept AS-FASTWEB-GLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12874 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12322 accept AS-PROXAD NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12322 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5430 accept AS-FREENETDE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5430 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS47195 accept AS-GAMEFORGE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS47195 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3216 accept AS-SOVAM AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3216 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15169 accept AS-GOOGLE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15169 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5413 accept AS5413:AS-PIPEX NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5413 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13184 accept AS-HANSENET NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13184 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12989 accept AS-HIGHWINDS AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12989 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6939 accept AS-HURRICANE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6939 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13030 accept AS-INIT7 NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13030 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12301 accept AS12301:AS-ROUTES NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12301 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15598 accept AS-IPX NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15598 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS35366 accept AS-ISPPRO NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS35366 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS9070 accept AS-ITDOUT NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS9070 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS34655 accept AS-DOCLER NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34655 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS4766 accept AS-KORNETBGP NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS4766 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13237 accept AS-LNCLINX AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13237 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS16265 accept AS-LEASEWEB AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS16265 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS22822 accept AS-LLNW AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS22822 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS34309 accept AS-LINK11 AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34309 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3327 accept AS-LINXTELECOM-DECIX AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3327 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8365 accept AS-MANDA AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8365 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS25074 accept AS-INETBONE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS25074 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8218 accept AS-NEOT NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8218 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12714 accept AS-TI NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12714 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8422 accept AS-NETCOLOGNE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8422 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15557 accept AS-LDCOMNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15557 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13285 accept AS-OPAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13285 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS16276 accept AS-OVH AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS16276 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS36408 accept AS-PANTHER AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS36408 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5427 accept AS-PRTL-EU AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5427 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8781 accept AS-QTEL-SET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8781 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS25525 accept AS-REASONNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS25525 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12654 accept AS12654:RS-RIS NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12654 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8708 accept AS-RDSNET NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8708 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS9050 accept AS-RTD NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS9050 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS44042 accept AS-ROOT AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS44042 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8342 accept AS8342:AS-RTCOMM-LINX-EXP AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8342 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8717 accept AS-SPNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8717 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS31252 accept AS-STARNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS31252 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6724 accept AS-STRATORZ AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6724 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6730 accept AS-GLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6730 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3303 accept AS-SWCMGLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3303 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6805 accept AS-TDDE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6805 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8447 accept AS-PTA AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8447 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5462 accept AS-CABLEINET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5462 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS9121 accept AS-TTNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS9121 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8881 accept AS-VT-TRANSIT AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8881 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5089 accept AS-NTLI AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5089 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3209 accept AS-ARCORGLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3209 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS1267 accept AS-INFOSTRADA AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS1267 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS19151 accept AS-WVFIBER AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS19151 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS24963 accept AS-YACAST AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS24963 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS10310 accept AS-YAHOO AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS10310 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5430 accept AS-FREENETDE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5430 announce AS-BEZEQINT
remarks:
remarks: *****************************************************
remarks: **************** LINX-PEERING (LND) *****************
remarks: *****************************************************
remarks:
import: from AS8714 accept ANY AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8714 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8560 accept AS-1AND1 AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8560 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS20940 accept AS-AKAMAI AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS20940 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5580 accept AS-ATRATO AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5580 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS2818 accept AS-BBC AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS2818 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS29550 accept AS-POUNDHOST AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS29550 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5410 accept AS-T-ONLINEFRANCE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5410 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS2856 accept AS-BTGB AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS2856 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8359 accept AS-MTU NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8359 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS24931 accept AS-DEDIPOWER NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS24931 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15133 accept AS-EDGECAST NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15133 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS31500 accept AS-GLOBAL-NET NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS31500 announce AS-BEZEQINT
export: to AS3249 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3249 accept AS-ESTPAK NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
import: from AS34305 accept AS-EUROACCESS NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34305 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS33926 accept AS-EUROTRANSIT NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS33926 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS32934 accept AS-FACEBOOK AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS32934 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12874 accept AS-FASTWEB-GLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12874 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS41095 accept AS-IPTP NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS41095 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12322 accept AS-PROXAD NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12322 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5430 accept AS-FREENETDE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5430 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS30094 accept AS-GIGANEWS-ALL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS30094 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS31196 accept AS-GLOBALMIX NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS31196 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3216 accept AS-SOVAM NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3216 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15169 accept AS-GOOGLE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15169 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5413 accept AS5413:AS-PIPEX NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5413 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6939 accept AS-HURRICANE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6939 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6677 accept AS-ICENET NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6677 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15773 accept AS-INCLARITY NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15773 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13030 accept AS-INIT7 NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13030 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS4739 accept AS-4739 NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS4739 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS46786 accept AS-IPTRANSIT NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS46786 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS12552 accept AS-IPO NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS12552 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS34655 accept AS-DOCLER AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34655 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6894 accept AS-KDDIEU AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6894 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS4766 accept AS-KORNETBGP AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS4766 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13237 accept AS-LNCLINX AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13237 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS16265 accept AS-LEASEWEB AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS16265 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS22822 accept AS-LLNW AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS22822 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS34309 accept AS-LINK11 AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34309 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5459 accept AS-LINX AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5459 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS35028 accept AS-MULTIPLAY AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS35028 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS25973 accept AS-MZIMA NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS25973 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8218 accept AS-NEOT NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8218 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8422 accept AS-NETCOLOGNE NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8422 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS15557 accept AS-LDCOMNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS15557 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5462 accept AS-CABLEINET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5462 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13285 accept AS-OPAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13285 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS16276 accept AS-OVH AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS16276 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS36408 accept AS-PANTHER AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS36408 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS13768 accept AS13768 AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS13768 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5427 accept AS-PRTL-EU AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5427 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS32787 accept AS-PROLE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS32787 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS29131 accept AS-RAPIDSWITCH AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS29131 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS25525 accept AS-REASONNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS25525 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8708 accept AS-RDSNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8708 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS44042 accept AS-ROOT AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS44042 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8342 accept AS8342:AS-RTCOMM-LINX-EXP AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8342 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8002 accept AS-STEALTH AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8002 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6730 accept AS-GLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6730 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3303 accept AS-SWCMGLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3303 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6854 accept AS-SYNTERRA AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6854 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS6805 accept AS-TDDE AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS6805 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS8447 accept AS-PTA AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS8447 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS2119 accept AS-TELENOR AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS2119 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS20485 accept AS-TTK AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS20485 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS9121 accept AS-TTNET AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS9121 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS5089 accept AS-NTLI AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS5089 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS34763 accept AS-VIRGINRADIO AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS34763 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS3209 accept AS-ARCORGLOBAL AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS3209 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS1267 accept AS-INFOSTRADA AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS1267 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS19151 accept AS-WVFIBER AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS19151 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS24963 accept AS-YACAST AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS24963 announce AS-BEZEQINT
import: from AS10310 accept AS-YAHOO AND NOT {0.0.0.0/0}
export: to AS10310 announce AS-BEZEQINT
remarks:
remarks: ***********************************************************
remarks: * For domains & Dns issues: hostmaster@bezeqint.net *
remarks: * For networking issues: networkingisp@bezeqint.co.il *
remarks: * For abuse issues: abuse@bezeqint.net *
remarks: * For peering questions: peering@bezeqint.co.il *
remarks: ***********************************************************
remarks:
admin-c: DUMY-RIPE
tech-c: DUMY-RIPE
org: ORG-IL9-RIPE
status: ASSIGNED
mnt-by: RIPE-NCC-END-MNT
mnt-by: AS8551-MNT
created: 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
last-modified: 2025-07-07T05:37:46Z
source: RIPE
remarks: ****************************
remarks: * THIS OBJECT IS MODIFIED
remarks: * Please note that all data that is generally regarded as personal
remarks: * data has been removed from this object.
remarks: * To view the original object, please query the RIPE Database at:
remarks: * http://www.ripe.net/whois
remarks: ****************************